World Alzheimer’s Day 2024 – “Know Dementia, Know Alzheimer's”

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that impairs memory, cognition, and behavior. It is characterized by abnormal neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which disrupt neuron communication, leading to neuronal death, brain shrinkage, and gradual cognitive decline. Globally, 55 million people live with dementia, with Alzheimer's accounting for 60-70% of these cases. In Malaysia, approximately 300,000 individuals are affected by dementia, a number expected to rise with the aging population.

Although recent advancements are promising, most treatments currently target milder symptoms and only slow disease progression rather than providing a cure. Emerging therapies, including disease-modifying agents and genetic interventions, are still in research and may not be widely available, with high costs further limiting access. In Malaysia, these advanced treatments are not yet accessible, leaving many with limited options.

Thus, enhancing support for caregivers is a top priority, as they often lack adequate resources, training, and assistance. Expanding support systems—such as respite care, education, financial aid, and mental health services—can significantly ease their burden. Addressing stigma and misconceptions about Alzheimer’s is also crucial, as these barriers delay early diagnosis and hinder proactive care. Public education campaigns are essential for raising awareness, reducing stigma, and promoting timely detection. Lifestyle modifications, cognitive training, and stimulation are underutilized but can greatly improve the quality of life for those with Alzheimer’s.

Organizations like the Alzheimer’s Disease Foundation Malaysia (ADFM), National Council of Senior Citizens Organizations Malaysia (NACSCOM), and Alzheimer’s Caregivers Malaysia are tirelessly working to support those affected. The public can make a difference by raising awareness, fostering community support, and reducing stigma. Through advocacy and active involvement, we can drive change, advance research, and enhance care for individuals with Alzheimer’s.

Our collective efforts are crucial in creating a future where Alzheimer’s is better understood and managed. By supporting local organizations, contributing to research, and integrating advanced digital tools like wearables, AI-based cognitive assessments, and telemedicine, we can revolutionize patient care. Let us embrace this year’s World Alzheimer’s Day theme: “Know Dementia, Know Alzheimer’s,” and deepen our understanding to spark meaningful change and compassion.

Dr. Anna Misyail Abdul Rashid

Senior Medical Lecturer

Department of Neurology

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia

Date of Input: 21/09/2024 | Updated: 25/09/2024 | nadia_rahman