Are Your Kidneys OK? Healthy Kidneys Start on Your Plate

 

The Silent Epidemic: Kidney Disease in Malaysia

Did you know that 1 in 6 Malaysian adults suffers from chronic kidney disease (CKD)? According to the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS), CKD rates surged from 9.1% in 2011 to 15.5% in 2018, with diabetes and hypertension being the leading causes. Globally, over 850 million people are affected by kidney diseases, and CKD is projected to become the 5th leading cause of death by 2040. Alarmingly, many Malaysians remain unaware they have CKD until it reaches advanced stages, as symptoms like fatigue or swelling often appear late. With over 50,000 Malaysians on dialysis and treatment costs burdening families, prevention through diet and early detection is not just wise—it’s lifesaving.

The Role of Diet in Kidney Health

Diet plays a crucial role in preventing and managing CKD. A well-balanced diet can help protect kidney function, delay disease progression, and reduce complications. Here’s how diet plays a role:

1. Control Blood Pressure & Sugar
   High blood sugar and blood pressure damage kidney blood vessels, contributing to 70% of CKD cases in Malaysia. Reducing salt intake and choosing fiber-rich foods (e.g., oats, wholegrain rice) can stabilize blood pressure and sugar. For example, swapping nasi lemak with nasi ulam cuts sodium while boosting fiber. A diet high in fiber, lean protein, and whole grains while limiting added sugars and refined carbohydrates can help regulate blood sugar levels and prevent kidney complications.
2. Ease the Kidneys’ Workload
   Ultra-processed foods (e.g., instant noodles, sausages, chips) are packed with additives, salt, added sugars, and unhealthy fats, forcing kidneys to work harder. Minimizing processed foods and opting for fresh, whole foods can ease the kidneys' workload and support their function. Opt for fresh, home-cooked meals like ikan bakar with steamed/stir-fried vegetables.
3. Protect Heart Health
   Individuals with CKD are at a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases. A heart-healthy diet - low in saturated fats and rich in protective antioxidants from fruits and vegetables - reduces this risk.

 

Your plate holds the power to protect - eat wisely, live fully. No single “superfood” guarantees kidney health, but here are simple, practical dietary tips for Malaysians:

1. Spice Wisely: Flavor dishes with turmeric, ginger, or lime instead of salt or soy sauce.
2. Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water without added sugar.
3. Read Labels: Choose “low sodium” products and be aware of hidden salt in sauces and condiments.
4. Be Cautious with Herbal Supplements: Many supplements lack long-term safety studies and may harm the kidneys, especially for those with CKD. They can worsen kidney function or interfere with medications. Always consult a doctor before trying any herbal supplement.
5. Follow ‘Suku-Suku-Separuh’: Fill half your plate with vegetables and fruits, a quarter with whole grains carbohydrates, and a quarter with lean protein.
6. Opt for Plant Proteins: Lentils, tofu, and tempeh provide protein without overloading the kidneys. Replace red meat with tempeh in meals.

 

The Right Diet for CKD Management

For individuals diagnosed with CKD, dietary modifications depend on the severity of the disease. In early stages, a diet rich in plant-based foods and lean protein is encouraged. However, as kidney function declines, dietary adjustments such as limiting potassium, phosphorus (highly individualized), and protein intake become necessary under the guidance of a dietitian.

Take Charge of Your Kidney Health

Prevention is always better than cure. Regular health screenings, maintaining a healthy diet, staying active, and managing underlying health conditions such as diabetes and hypertension are key to protecting your kidneys. By making small but significant dietary changes, you can reduce your risk of CKD and support long-term kidney health.

Remember: Your kidneys don’t whisper warnings—they silently suffer. Empower yourself with knowledge and action.

This article supports World Kidney Day 2025’s mission to promote early prevention and equitable kidney care. Consult a dietitian for personalized guidance.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Zulfitri Azuan Mat Daud

Department of Dietetics

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences

Universiti Putra Malaysia

Date of Input: 12/03/2025 | Updated: 12/03/2025 | nadia_rahman